The Church requires that no religious honor be paid to person who have not been officially beatified, and in fact such honor can interfere with the process of canonization.

Public opinion is hard to contain, however, and in this stunning multicolor woodcut which served as the cover to the Almanach National de Jeanne d'Arc 1891, the artist conflates the Savior of France with the Savior of the World in an unusually frank depiction of the enthusiasm for Joan of Arc in the decades around 1900. young virgin martyrs.

"Almanach National de Jeanne d'Arc 1891. Paris: Hachette & Cie., 1891."

Joan was also the subject of formal panegyrics in cathedrals throughout the nineteenth and century and into the twentieth. Coube's 1908 sermon, Le Coeur de Jeanne d'Arc, speaks of the heart of the child, of the warrior, and of the martyr and ends, "Come again, oh, come again to your sweet France, immortal Dove!" Desgranges' panegyric, Les Immolés de la Guerre, given under far more tragic circumstances, entrusts to the Venerable Jeanne the orphans, the widows, the injured, and the slain.

Stephane Coubé. Le Coeur de Jeanne d'Arc: Panégyrique Prononcé dans la Cathédrale d'Orléans, Le 8 Mai 1908. Paris: P. Lethielleux, 1908.

Abbé Desgranges. Panégyrique de Jeanne d'Arc: Les Immolés de la Guerre. Prononcé à Notre-Dame le 4 Juin 1916. Paris: Bloud & Gay, 1916.